Plenary Session 5

Teng-Aik OngMalaysia Moderator

Chi Wai ManHong Kong, China Speaker UAA Honorary Member Lecture: Learning through Giving Expert Opinion, a Hong Kong Case BookLearning through giving expert opinion, a Hong Kong urology case book Dr Man, Chi Wai MBBS HK FRCS Edin FRCS Glas FCSHK FHKAM Dip Urol Lond LLB Beij Consultant Urologist, Tuen Mun Hospital In Hong Kong older urologists are often asked to give expert opinions to various parties including the Coroner and the Medical Council. The expert must give unbiased assistance to the justice system. I also try to explain that there are factors other than the urologist care to account for the outcome, and to look for possible improvements in our care. Thanks for allowing me to share with you my humble experience. The Coroner in HK has the duty to determine the cause of death. If the cause is mishap, civil or disciplinary action will follow. I need to explain why death was not preventable when that was the case. The Medical Council is the statutory body responsible for overseeing professional registration and discipline. It carries out inquiries into complaints of misconduct against doctors. Most of these were about unfavourable outcome and disregard of professional responsibilities. Medical Council actively collects evidence required for proof of medical negligence. Defence could be made by disproving damage or causation of damage. In most cases, proof of no breach of duty by focusing on standard of care is required. I need to explain in such cases that despite appropriate and proper care, an unfavourable outcome could still occur. While the Bolam principle still applies to most aspects of patient care, it is no longer the case in warning patients of risks since the Montgomery case. The most important lesson I learned was that good contemporaneous documentation in medical records is the most important line of defence for urologists.

Shomik SenguptaAustralia Moderator Moderator N/A

Marshall StollerUnited States Speaker Normothermic Ex Vivo Kidney Perfusion for Urologic Discovery

Atsuko FujiharaJapan Moderator

KoonHo RhaKorea (Republic of) Speaker Trend in Healthcare AI

Pai-Fu WangTaiwan Moderator

Chung-You TsaiTaiwan Speaker Bridging AI Frontiers and Urology: How Multimodal and Agentic AI Will Shape 20251. **Evolution of AI: From LLM to Agentic AI** AI has progressed rapidly from basic language models (LLMs) to multimodal and agentic systems capable of autonomous decision-making and task execution. 2. **General vs. Domain-Specific LLMs** General-purpose LLMs offer versatility, while domain-specific LLMs (e.g., medical models) provide higher accuracy in specialized fields like urology. 3. **AI Applications in Medical Practice** LLMs and AI agents assist in research, academic writing, and clinical decision-making—transforming how urologists access and apply medical knowledge. 4. **Agentic AI & Multi-Agent Systems** AI agents can orchestrate tools, reason through complex problems, and automate workflows without human input—enhancing productivity in healthcare. 5. **Benchmarking AI vs. Human Experts** In prostate cancer risk assessment, top-tier LLMs demonstrated competitive or superior performance compared to human experts, indicating clinical potential. How to Make AI as the Most Powerful Assistance for the Treatment of GU Cancer?

Rajeev KumarIndia Moderator Troubleshooting in Endoscopic Stone Surgery: How to Handle Unexpected Challenges in RIRS and ECIRSProstate Cancer Nomograms and Their Application in Asian MenNomograms help to predict outcomes in individual patients rather than whole populations and are an important part of evaluation and treatment decision making. Various nomograms have been developed in malignancies to predict and prognosticate clinical outcomes such as severity of disease, overall survival, and recurrence-free survival. In prostate cancer, nomograms were developed for determining need for biopsy, disease course, need for adjuvant therapy, and outcomes. Most of these predictive nomograms were based on Caucasian populations. Prostate cancer is significantly affected by race, and Asian men have a significantly different racial and genetic susceptibility compared to Caucasians, raising the concern about the generalizability of these nomograms. There are very few studies that have evaluated the applicability and validity of the existing nomograms in in Asian men. Most have found significant differences in the performance in this population. Thus, relying on such nomograms for treating Asian men may not be appropriate and collaborative efforts are required within Asian countries to develop locally relevant nomograms.What Is Critical Appraisal?Critical appraisal is the process of systematically evaluating research studies to assess their validity, relevance, and trustworthiness. The goal is to determine whether a study’s results are credible and useful for clinical decision-making, research, or policy. This has become increasingly important as there has been a massive increase in the number of scientific journals and not all published research is of equal quality. Critical appraisal helps healthcare professionals avoid being misled by poor-quality studies, make evidence-based decisions and improve patient outcomes. The key purposes are to assess validity of the study and its results and determine applicability to the specific population. It involves assessing the study design, methodological quality, completeness of reporting, potential sources of bias and potential for misconduct. There are number of reporting guidelines that can be used for performing critical appraisal. Additionally, being aware of essential reporting standards and common problems with studies can help readers make informed decisions.Scientific Misconduct and PitfallsNo abstractExample of the “Ideal” AbstractNo Abstract

Jian-Ri LiTaiwan Speaker Applying Vision Augmentation in Robotic Surgery: Reality or FictionApplying Vision Augmentation in Robotic Surgery: Reality or Fiction

Noor Ashani Md YusoffMalaysia Moderator Technical Pearls: Node Dissection in Robotic CystectomyHighlight and Limitation in Urology Service in MalaysiaRobotic Pelvic LN Dissection: A critical Component of Bladder Cancer Surgery

Yao-Chou TsaiTaiwan Speaker Big Data in Urol Science Research: from Scratch to Hatch