Chronic kidney disease (CKD) is a major public health concern with high morbidity and mortality, particularly in men, who have higher CKD rates than premenopausal women. This disparity may result from hormonal influences, as estrogens offer renal protection while androgens exacerbate damage. Structural differences and testosterone's role in kidney injury further contribute.

Primary Objective To study the correlation between sexual hormones and the stages of Chronic Kidney disease. Type of study: A prospective case-control study Place of study: Department of Urology AIIMS Jodhpur Inclusion criteria: The patients were classified into stages of CKD as per KDIGO criteria. All male patients will undergo serum testosterone, FSH, LH, Prolactin and female will undergo estrogen, progestogen, prolactin.

This study included 60 patients with chronic kidney disease (CKD), distributed as follows: 7 in CKD stage 1, 13 in stage 2, 16 in stage 3, 12 in stage 4, 7 in stage 5, and 5 in stage 5 on maintenance dialysis. All cases were between age group 31 to 60 years. The mean testosterone levels decreased progressively with CKD severity: 481.20 ng/mL in stage 2, 259 ng/mL in stage 3, 196.45 ng/mL in stage 4, and 113.38 ng/mL in stage 5. Conversely, mean LH levels increased: 6.22 IU/L in stage 2, 7.75 IU/L in stage 3, 9.56 IU/L in stage 4, and 11.80 IU/L in stage 5. Similarly, mean FSH rose from 4.60 mIU/L in stage 2 to 13.57 mIU/L in stage 5, and mean prolactin increased from 6.75 ng/mL in stage 2 to 20.10 ng/mL in stage 5.

This study highlights a clear link between chronic kidney disease progression and hormonal changes. As CKD worsens, testosterone declines while LH, FSH, and prolactin rise, reflecting endocrine disruption. These shifts contribute to hypogonadism and metabolic complications, emphasizing the need for hormonal evaluation in CKD management to improve patient outcomes.