Recent advancements in surgical techniques for treating ureteral stones have simplified the management of this condition. Efforts are ongoing to mitigate pain and complications associated with transurethral surgery for these stones. This study aims to explore the effects of corticosteroids, particularly dexamethasone, in affected patients.

This research was conducted from 2023 to 2025, involving 840 patients diagnosed with ureteral stones. Participants were divided into two groups: a case group and a control group, each consisting of 420 patients. The case group received 8 mg of dexamethasone every 24 hours, starting 24 hours prior to surgery and continuing for 48 hours postoperatively. The outcomes were then compared to those of the control group.

Analysis revealed that pain levels prior to surgery were similar in both groups. However, post-surgery, the case group experienced significantly lower pain intensity compared to the control group (P < 0.003). Additionally, the rate of hospital readmission was significantly lower in the case group (P = 0.012), with fewer readmissions overall compared to the control group (P < 0.009).

The findings of this study indicate that short-term administration of corticosteroids, particularly dexamethasone, during the pre- and postoperative periods significantly alleviates surgery-related pain. Furthermore, it is associated with fewer complications, leading to a notable improvement in quality of life for these patients.