We aimed to evaluate efficacy of Extracorporeal Stone Wave Lithotripsy(ESWL) in achieving stone free rates in patients having renal stone and ureteric Stones disease and factors influencing better stone free rates. This study also presents single tertiary care centre large population data about demographics and outcomes after ESWL over period of 4 years

The retrospective study included records of 1051 patients with Renal and ureteric Stones, 10 – 25 mm in size, undergoing ESWL sessions as an outpatient procedure. Fragmentation and three-month follow-up stone-free rate (SFR) was assessed through radiographic imaging. Treatment was labelled successful if there were no residual fragments or they were ≤4 mm, three months after the last session.

There were 750 (71.36%) males and 301 (28.64%) females in this study. The mean age ± standard deviation of patients was 43.35 ± 13.86 .The mean ± standard deviation (range) stone size was 14.22 ± 5.06 mm. 92.96%(n=977) patients had single stone 5.70%(n=60) patients had two stones 1.34% (n=14) patients had 3 stones which. The mean ± standard deviation (range) stone Hounsfield Units was 1095 ± 311 HU. Cumulative SFR after the first session was 45.57%(n=479). Cumulative SFR after second session was 77.25(n= 812). 22.75% (n= 239) patients required third session of ESWL of which 113 patient had SFR(10.75%). Cumulative SFR after three sessions of ESWL was 87.25%. In 126 (12.75%) patients the treatment was a failure. Complications occurred in 7.4%, while auxiliary procedures were needed in 6.75 % of cases, both significantly affected by the stone size. Treatment outcome was significantly different depending on stone size, BMI, number of sessions, complications. Univariate regression analysis identified stone size and BMI as significant predictors of treatment outcome.

Extracorporeal shock wave lithotripsy continues to be a safe and effective option for managing simple calculi in renal stone and ureteric stone disease with a diameter of ≤15 mm. The stone size, HU and BMI remain significant predictors of treatment outcome.