We conducted this research to evaluate the association between kidney stone composition regarding age and gender.

Patients undergoing kidney stone surgery at the urology department 6 of Binh Dan Hospital, Ho Chi Minh City. The prospective study described a series of cases from July 2023 to July 2024.

Over the course of 12 months, we collected data from 450 stone units (442 patients). Males accounted for 59.05% (261 patients) and females for 40.95% (181 patients). The average age was 52.81 ± 11.84 years. Males constitute a higher percentage of patients across most age groups, particularly from 30 years and older. For under 30, females seem to be more prevalent, though the sample size is small (9). Among aged 30 and above, whewellite stones demonstrated an age-related increase, followed by a decrease after 70. Hydroxyapatite stones exhibited an inverse relationship with age, with a minor resurgence post-60. Other stone types displayed minimal variations across age cohorts. In males, calcium oxalate stones are predominant across all age groups. In females, calcium oxalate stones are predominant only in the age group 50 and older, while hydroxyapatite stones are more common in the age group 30-49. Men were more prone to calcium oxalate stones, especially whewellite, while women had a higher incidence of hydroxyapatite and struvite stones. Uric acid and cystine stones showed no significant gender-based differences in prevalence.

Calcium oxalate stones were predominant across all age groups. Males were more likely to develop calcium oxalate stones in general, weddelite and whewellite stones in particular. In contrast, females were more likely to develop hydroxyapatite and struvite stones.