Vietnam lacks reliable data on the types of kidney stones in its population. Therefore, we conducted this research to evaluate the composition of kidney stones in patients undergoing surgical interventions at Binh Dan Hospital.

Patients undergoing kidney stone surgery at the urology department 6 of Binh Dan Hospital. The prospective study described a series of cases from July 2023 to July 2024.

Over the course of 12 months, we collected data from 450 stone units (442 patients), of which 59.05% (261 patients) were male and 40.95% (181 patients) were female. Among these 450 samples, 363 (80.67%) cases underwent percutaneous nephrolithotomy, 47 (10.44%) cases underwent retroperitoneal laparoscopic ureterolithotomy for renal pelvic or ureter stones, 30 (6.67%) cases underwent semirigid laser ureterolithotripsy for kidney or ureter stones, and 10 (2.22%) cases underwent open surgery for kidney stone removal. The average age was 52.81 ± 11.84 years, ranging from 15 to 85 years. The average BMI was 23.17 ± 3.07, with a minimum of 15.2 and a maximum of 32.1. The composition of the stones revealed that calcium oxalate stones were the most common at 64.22%, including whewellite (calcium oxalate monohydrate) 51.78% and weddellite (calcium oxalate dihydrate) 12.44%. Phosphate stones were the second most common type, accounting for 25.55%, including hydroxyapatite 25.11% and brushite 0.44%. Uric acid stones were relatively rare, accounting for only 4.67%. Among infection stones, truvite accounted for 3.78% and ammonium hydrogen urate accounted for 0.44%. Cystine stones, a rare type of stone, accounted for 1.33%.

The prevalence of stone types in our study is quite similar to the global average.