Prostatic abscess is a rare but potentially serious urological condition, often presenting with non-specific symptoms that can mimic other lower urinary tract diseases. Timely diagnosis and appropriate management are critical to prevent complications. This study aimed to evaluate the clinical presentation, diagnostic methods, and treatment outcomes of patients with prostatic abscess at Binh Dan Hospital.

A retrospective descriptive study was conducted on 110 male patients diagnosed with prostatic abscess and treated at Binh Dan Hospital from January 2020 to October 2024. Clinical data, laboratory tests, imaging findings, and treatment approaches were collected and analyzed to assess diagnostic effectiveness and therapeutic outcomes.

The most common symptoms included fever, dysuria, and perineal pain. CT and MRI were the primary diagnostic tools. Gram-negative bacteria, particularly Escherichia coli and Klebsiella pneumoniae, were the leading pathogens. Treatment modalities included intravenous antibiotics, transurethral drainage and open surgery. Antibiotic therapy alone was effective for small abscesses (<2 cm), while surgical drainage yielded better results for larger or multiloculated abscesses. Overall, a combination of early imaging diagnosis and appropriate intervention resulted in favorable clinical outcomes with low complication and recurrence rates.

Prostatic abscess remains a diagnostic and therapeutic challenge. The study underscores the importance of early imaging and individualized treatment strategies. Evidence from this study may help guide clinicians in optimizing management protocols and improving outcomes for patients with prostatic abscesses.